SEASON 3 MODULE 8
ZKML, w/ Jason Morton
In this module, Nicolas Mohnblatt and Jason Morton, CEO of EZKL provide a detailed look into the design choices behind building a Zero-Knowledge Machine Learning (ZKML) system. Jason begins by explaining the core value proposition of ZKML: providing a cryptographic proof that a specific AI model was run on a given input to produce an output, with the ability to keep any of these components private. He then contrasts the needs of ZKML, which focuses on numerical computations on small, well-distributed real numbers, with general-purpose zkVMs that are optimized for cryptographic operations. The talk explores the engineering decisions involved, and covers various techniques for proving nonlinear functions, from lookup tables to non-determinism and variational arguments, as well as upcoming research on folding in this context.
What you’ll learn:
- 00:00 Intro – What is ZKML, and why do we need it?
- 5:28 ZKML Setting vs. General-Purpose zkVMs
- 9:35 Choosing a Frontend: The ONNX Format
- 14:27 Proving Strategy: Compiled vs. Interpreted Approaches
- 18:17 Considerations around Floating-Point Arithmetic
- 24:59 A ZK-Friendly Alternative: Fixed-Point Arithmetic
- 34:56 Proving Nonlinearities in ZKML
- 41:00 Advanced Techniques: Non-Determinism and Variational Arguments
- 46:17 Latest Developments and Conclusion
Below is an accompanying reading list:
- Tensor definition (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor
- ONNX (Open Neural Network Exchange) – onnx.ai
- DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) definition (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph
- bfloat16 floating-point format definition (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bfloat16_floating-point_format
- The Halo2 Book by the Zcash Foundation: https://zcash.github.io/halo2/index.html
- SuperNova: Proving universal machine executions without universal circuits, by Abhiram Kothapalli andSrinath Setty: https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/1758
- Freivalds’ Algorithm (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freivalds%27_algorithm
ZK Whiteboard Sessions is an educational series on all things zero knowledge. Presented by ZK Hack.
Get notified on latest module upload by signing up below.
You're in. We'll let you know when the first module is live!